Epigenetics Focused Set
In designing our ‘epigenetics’ focused set, we aimed at several specific families of epigenetic proteins, namely:
-Writers (Lys, Arg or DNA methyltransferases)
-Erasers (HDACs and SirTs) and
-Readers (proteins/domains binding PTMs, ex. Bromodomains)
Specifically, three key strategies went into consideration while assembling small molecule modulators of these target families, namely:
-Known/’suspected’ ligands (ligand-based selection)
-‘Vicarious’ structure-function information (mutagenesis, homology/isoform-based structural modeling, etc.) and
-‘Wet’ structural biology (crystallography or NMR) yielding more ‘accurate’ modeling environment for the identification of pharmacophore models and ‘hot spots’
In addition, we did consider drug-/lead-like character of a ligand (MW, lipophilicity, cell permeability potential) including potential liabilities (RedOx, covalent bond formation, ‘active reactive’ species, etc).
A representative selection of targets analyzed and populated with focused small-molecule ligands and their analogues is as follows:
-HDACs class I-IV: the most studied family of epigenetic proteins to-date; importantly, we did include both pan- as well as ‘preferential’- (ex., class IIa) inhibitors; depending on your screening and ultimately therapeutic needs, these could be of utility
-Notably, whereas there are several well characterized Class III HDAC (SirT) inhibitors, the respective direct activators are still lacking; in order to compensate for this ‘deficiency’, we included a subset of small molecules that were modeled into our internal model of SirT1 reflective of a multitude of pharmacological ideas including allosteric modulation
-HAT (Histone N-Acetyl Transferases), ex. p300, Gcn5, EZH2, EHMT2, DOT1L, SU(VAR)3-9
-Histon Demethylases, ex. KDM1A, KDM5B, JMJD2, H3K27
-PARP1
-PRMTs (protein arginine methyltransferases), ex. CARM1, PRMT4, PRMT5; multiple series were modeled into the key protein-protein interaction PRMT5:MeP50 to yield a subset of compounds for this specific interface
-Bromodomains, ex. BRD2-4, BRDT, PHIP, WDR9, TAF1, TIF1
-Writers (Lys, Arg or DNA methyltransferases)
-Erasers (HDACs and SirTs) and
-Readers (proteins/domains binding PTMs, ex. Bromodomains)
Specifically, three key strategies went into consideration while assembling small molecule modulators of these target families, namely:
-Known/’suspected’ ligands (ligand-based selection)
-‘Vicarious’ structure-function information (mutagenesis, homology/isoform-based structural modeling, etc.) and
-‘Wet’ structural biology (crystallography or NMR) yielding more ‘accurate’ modeling environment for the identification of pharmacophore models and ‘hot spots’
In addition, we did consider drug-/lead-like character of a ligand (MW, lipophilicity, cell permeability potential) including potential liabilities (RedOx, covalent bond formation, ‘active reactive’ species, etc).
A representative selection of targets analyzed and populated with focused small-molecule ligands and their analogues is as follows:
-HDACs class I-IV: the most studied family of epigenetic proteins to-date; importantly, we did include both pan- as well as ‘preferential’- (ex., class IIa) inhibitors; depending on your screening and ultimately therapeutic needs, these could be of utility
-Notably, whereas there are several well characterized Class III HDAC (SirT) inhibitors, the respective direct activators are still lacking; in order to compensate for this ‘deficiency’, we included a subset of small molecules that were modeled into our internal model of SirT1 reflective of a multitude of pharmacological ideas including allosteric modulation
-HAT (Histone N-Acetyl Transferases), ex. p300, Gcn5, EZH2, EHMT2, DOT1L, SU(VAR)3-9
-Histon Demethylases, ex. KDM1A, KDM5B, JMJD2, H3K27
-PARP1
-PRMTs (protein arginine methyltransferases), ex. CARM1, PRMT4, PRMT5; multiple series were modeled into the key protein-protein interaction PRMT5:MeP50 to yield a subset of compounds for this specific interface
-Bromodomains, ex. BRD2-4, BRDT, PHIP, WDR9, TAF1, TIF1